The first Covid-19 vaccine develop on a DNA technology to get Emergency Use Authorization from a regulator is Zydus Cadila's ZyCoV-D. Notably, a needle-free technique will be used to administer the intradermal vaccine. Zydus will make use of a system without needles made by Pharma Jet. The Gujarat-based company will use a particular design known as the Tropis, which gained authorization from European regulators in 2017. ZyCoV-D will follow as the fifth vaccine approved for use in the nation. It will become the first DNA vaccination approved globally in any nation. Additionally, the company provided data analyzing a two-dose schedule for the shot. The SEC will compare the data before deciding whether to move forward.
ZyCoV-D vaccine
The SARS-CoV-2 spike protein is produced by the plasmid DNA vaccine ZyCoV-D, which also triggers an immunological response mediated by the cellular and humoral components of the human immune system.
The vaccination has demonstrated 100% efficacy for mild illness and 66.6% efficacy against symptomatic Covid patients. It is administered through the skin with a needle-free injector. According to Zydus, the needle-free technique can significantly reduce adverse effects.
ZyCoV-D is a Plasmid DNA vaccine that induces the SARS-CoV-2 virus's spike protein to be generated when injected. This immunological response is controlled by the human immune system's cellular and humoral arms and is essential for disease prevention and virus clearance.
The Ahmedabad-based pharmaceutical company claims that the plasmid DNA platform's plug-and-play technology can be quickly altered to deal with virus changes. Frontline workers and vaccinators will receive brief instructions on how to use the needle-free pharma jet application in real-world adult settings.
The company secured a one crore vaccination order from the center in November last year at Rs 358 per dose. ZyCoV-D joins the three vaccinations already used in India such as Covishield, Covaxin, and Sputnik V.
World’s first DNA based Vaccine
The ZyCoV-D vaccine for COVID-19 is the first DNA-based vaccination for COVID-19 to be delivered to humans, including children and adults 12 years and older. It was produced exclusively in India. The vaccine was produced in collaboration with the Department of Biotechnology as part of the mission COVID suraksha initiative led by BIRAC, a DBT PSU.
There are currently no DNA vaccines authorized for human use. However, numerous DNA vaccines are in human clinical trials, and some have been approved by US regulatory agencies.
How are needle-free injections administered
Needle-free injectors deliver the vaccine by piercing the skin with a tiny stream of fluid and providing the vaccine with the appropriate tissue depth. According to the business, this method can eliminate the risk of needlestick injury while drastically decreasing any potential bad consequences.
How is ZyCoV-D administered?
Unlike previous Covid-19 vaccines, which are injected using a needle into the tissue or muscle, ZyCoV-D is administered painlessly utilizing The PharmaJet needle-free applicator. ZyCoV-D is a three-dose vaccine that is given every 28-56 days. The total vaccine dosage is six milligrams, divided into three doses of two milligrams each. Each dose must be provided at two sites of the arms. This means the user must take two shots of 1 mg each at two distinct places for each dose. It will also help patients suffering from trypanophobia, a condition typified by an irrational fear of blood or needles.
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